A IMPORTÂNCIA DO CONHECIMENTO QUALITATIVO NO ENSINO EM SAÚDE: EXPERIÊNCIAS NO CENÁRIO DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract

Introduction: Qualitative knowledge in health education is increasingly essential for critical, reflective and interdisciplinary training for graduates of the health field, as well as the necessary articulation of the use of qualitative research methodology grounded in the concepts of human and social sciences. Objective: to expose the importance of knowledge and qualitative methodological elements in health training in the Brazilian Amazon scenario. Method: This is an experience report with the use of qualitative research methodology, which took as reference the curricular component of Interaction on a Real Basis (IBR), of the three undergraduate courses in the area of health (collective health, pharmacy and interdisciplinary), taught during the first four semesters by the Institute of Collective Health (ISCO) of the Federal University of Western Pará (UFOPA), in the Brazilian Amazon region. Results: The experience produced through the use of qualitative research methodology in this curriculum component, occurred in activities developed in the classroom space and in the field of practice (Amazonian communities). Among the methodological elements of qualitative research used are: observation, ethnography for the production of listening, bonding with people from the community investigated, recognition of culture and identity, ethnic and linguistic diversity in scenarios of socioeconomic inequality that coexist in these territories, urban and rural spaces, indigenous communities, quilombolas and riverine communities. The use of the methodological elements of qualitative research enabled the development of qualitative scientific knowledge in health education, through conceptual, textual and contextual construction. In addition, the experiences produced with the communities of the Brazilian Amazon region, unveil the multiplicity of ways of living and doing health, allowing a broad field for qualitative teaching in health. Conclusions: The knowledge of qualitative research is essential to support the teaching-learning process articulated with the field practice, aiming at the construction of new perspectives and methodological paths that go beyond the disciplinary boundaries of the health field.