TAKING IT TO THE STREET: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL PROMOTING THE ESSENTIALITY OF TRUST IN COMMUNITY-FOCUSED QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5062-3247
Fred Volk
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6957-485X
Jennifer Smith Ramey
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6311-932X
Abstract
Introduction/Frame: Trust is foundational to qualitative research and program evaluation to ensure that data collection, data analysis, and actionable recommendations improve programs and produce effective outcomes. Concomitantly, building trust between the university and community sectors offers a rich opportunity to join efforts to address public health issues including substance use, homelessness, criminal justice involvement, and mental illness. Research suggests cross-sector collaboration among human services organizations produces effective outcomes when stakeholders are engaged, trust one another, and have shared goals. Developing qualitative program evaluation partnerships between university researchers and human service organizations offers a valuable application of cross-sector collaboration, including the transferability of qualitative research and program evaluation findings. Objective: This conceptual paper aims to highlight the essentiality of trust, summarize the facilitators and barriers of collaboration, and share a case example of a partnership. Additionally, it offers implications for researchers and community partners while outlining the benefits of university/community collaboration. Finally, we will offer a conceptual model of the iterative relationship between trustworthiness, trust, and impact in our evaluation approach. Theoretical Framework: Our approach to community-focused qualitative program evaluation is anchored in an action research paradigm, a use evaluation approach, coupled with trust as the key factor in developing and maintaining effective evaluative relationships. The Impact of Trust: Three areas in which trust is most beneficial to qualitative program evaluation are relationships, data collection, and transferability of results. Conceptual Model: Our model is grounded in three seminal works focusing on trust in business-business relationships, organizational trustworthiness as a mediator to both cognitive and affective trust, and relationship stability in inter-organizational reliance. Final Considerations: We found that using this model allowed quicker research-to-practice implementation of evaluation recommendations, solidified community/university collaborative relationships, and facilitated strategies to address workforce shortages in community human services agencies.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
openAccess
Altrichter, H., Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Zuber?Skerritt, O. (2002). The concept of action research. The
Learning Organization, 9(3), 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1108/09696470210428840
Anekstein, A. M., & Vereen, L. G. (2018). Research mentorship: Implications for the preparation of doctoral students. The Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision, 11(2), Article 6.
https://repository.wcsu.edu/jcps/vol11/iss2/6
Blois, K. J. (1999). Trust in business to business relationships: An evaluation of its status. Journal of Management Studies, 36(2), 197-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00133
Borders, L., Wester, K. L., Granello, D., Chang, C. Y., Hays, D. G., Pepperell, J., & Spurgeon, S. L. (2012).
Association for Counselor Education and Supervision guidelines for research mentorship: Development and implementation. Counselor Education and Supervision, 51(3), 162–175. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.15566978.2012.00012.x
Braithwaite, R. L., McKenzie, R. D., Pruitt, V., Holden, K. B., Aaron, K., & Hollimon, C. (2012). Community-based participatory evaluation. Health Promotion Practice, 14(2), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839912443241
Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Stone, M. M. (2015). Designing and implementing cross?sector collaborations: Needed and challenging. Public Administration Review, 75(5), 647–663. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12432
Campion, J., Javed, A., Lund, C., Sartorius, N., Saxena, S., Marmot, M., Allan, J., & Udomratn, P. (2022). Public mental health: Required actions to address implementation failure in the context of COVID-19. The Lancet Psychiatry, 9(2), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00199-1
Creswell, J. W. & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Sage.
Curtin, M., & Fossey, E. (2007). Appraising the trustworthiness of qualitative studies: Guidelines for
occupational therapists. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54(2), pp. 88-94.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.2007.00661.x
Fetterman, D. M., & Wandersman, A. (2005). Empowerment evaluation principles in practice. The Guilford Press.
Fitzpatrick, J. L., Sanders, J. R., & Worthen, B. R. (2011). Program evaluation: Alternative approaches and
practical guidelines (4th ed.). Pearson.
Hamer, M. K., & Mays, G. P. (2020). Public health systems and social services: Breadth and depth of cross
sector collaboration. American Journal of Public Health, 110(S2), S232–S234.
https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305694
Jull, J., Giles, A. & Graham, I.D. Community-based participatory research and integrated knowledge
translation: advancing the co-creation of knowledge. Implementation Sci 12, 150 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-017-0696-3
Kania, J., & Kramer, M. (2011). Collective impact. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 9(1), 36–41.
https://doi.org/10.48558/5900-KN19
Kemmis, S., & McTaggart, R. (Eds.) (1988) The action research planner (3rd ed.) Deakin University Press.
Lenz, A. S., & Wester, K. L. (2017). Development and evaluation of assessments for counseling professionals. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 50(4), 201–209.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2017.1361303
Lincoln, Y., & Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publications, Inc.
Lingard, L., Albert, M., & Levinson, W. (2008). Grounded theory, mixed methods, and action research. BMJ, 337, Article 567. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39602.690162.47
Metz, A., & Albers, B. (2014). What does it take? How federal initiatives can support the implementation of evidence-based programs to improve outcomes for adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 54(3), S92 S96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.11.025
Mouzas, S., Henneberg, S., & Naudé, P. (2007). Trust and reliance in business relationships. European Journal of Marketing, 41(9/10), 1016-1032. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560710773327
Patton, M. Q. (2012). Essentials of utilization-focused evaluation. Sage Publication, Inc
Peterson, C. H., Schmid, K., & Kososki, R. (2020). A national survey of counselors’ use of five types of program evaluation. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 11(2), 71 87. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501378.2019.1678017
Prosek, E. A. (2020). An introduction to mixed methods design in program evaluation. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation, 11(2), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501378.2019.1590688
Schwandt, T. A. (2015). The Sage dictionary of qualitative inquiry (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Sekhon, H., Ennew, C., Kharouf, H., & Devlin, J. (2014). Trustworthiness and trust: influences and implications. Journal of Marketing Management, 30(3-4), 409-430. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2013.842609
Steele, J. M., & Rawls, G. J. (2015). Quantitative research attitudes and research training perceptions
among master's-level students. Counselor Education and Supervision, 54(2), 134–146.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ceas.12010
Vella, J. (2002). Learning to listen, learning to teach. The power of dialogue in educating adults. (Rev. ed.). Jossey Bass.
Wallerstein N, Oetzel JG, Sanchez-Youngman S, et al. (2020). Engage for equity: A long-term study of community-based participatory research and community-engaged research practices and outcomes. Health Education & Behavior, 47(3):380-390. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198119897075
Whitmore, E. (1998). Understanding and practicing participatory evaluation: New directions for evaluation. Jossey Bass.
Wolff, T. (2016). Ten places where collective impact gets it wrong. Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice, 7(1). https://www.gjcpp.org/en/resource.php?issue=21&resource=200
Yin, R. (1984). Case study research. Sage