THEORY-INFORMED QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE CO-DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL NURSING INTERVENTION FOR HEALTHY AGEING
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3614-9061
Elaine Santana
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-8018
Sílvia Silva
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-9803
Filipa Ventura
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-5612
Marco Simões
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3713-2464
João Apóstolo
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-4264
Rosa Silva
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-7098
Abstract
Increased longevity should be seen as a societal benefit, bringing health, social, economic, and political gains. This study aims to explore the perspectives of key stakeholders — individuals over the age of 55, nurses, and policymakers — to develop a nursing intervention, supported by digital resources, that promotes active and healthy ageing. A descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative design was conducted. This theory-informed study applied Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model to guide both data collection and analysis, ensuring alignment with key behavioural constructs for health promotion in older adults. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus groups held between January and March 2024. Data were analysed using Bardin’s content analysis method and ATLAS.ti software. The analysis identified several categories and subcategories, highlighting the importance of biopsychosocial aspects in maintaining quality of life. Participants stressed the need for continuous involvement in activities and viewed ageing as a lifelong process. Key challenges included social isolation, limited access to services, and health conditions. They also highlighted the value of personalised nursing interventions supported by digital resources, noting their role in fostering health self-management and promoting healthy lifestyles. This study highlights the importance of developing multidimensional nursing interventions tailored to the specific needs of older adults. These interventions should consider older people’s social, environmental, and cultural contexts. Digital resources can facilitate individualised monitoring, promote adherence to healthy behaviours, and ultimately improve the quality of life of older people. Incorporating the perspectives of different stakeholders during the development phase is essential to ensure the relevance and sustainability of these interventions.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
openAccess
Ayoubi-Mahani, S., Eghbali-Babadi, M., Farajzadegan, Z., Keshvari, M., & Farokhzadian, J. (2023). Active aging needs from the perspectives of older adults and geriatric experts: A qualitative study. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1121761.
Baltes, M. M., & Montada, L. (1996). Produktives Leben im Alter. Frankfurt/M.: Campus-Verlag.
Baltes, P. B., & Baltes, M. M. (Eds.). (1990). Successful Aging: Perspectives from the Behavioral Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bardin, L. (2020). Análise de conteúdo (4th ed.). Edições.
Costa, A., Henriques, J., Alarcão, V., Henriques, A., Madeira, T., Virgolino, A., et al. (2023). Active aging awareness and well-being among older adults in Portugal. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149731/full
Dare, J., Wilkinson, C., Marquis, R., & Donovan, R. J. (2018). "The people make it fun, the activities we do just make sure we turn up on time." Factors influencing older adults’ participation in community-based group programmes in Perth, Western Australia. Health & Social Care in the Community, 26(6), 871–881.
Delle Fave, A., Bassi, M., Boccaletti, E. S., Roncaglione, C., Bernardelli, G., & Mari, D. (2018). Promoting well-being in old age: The psychological benefits of two training programs of adapted physical activity. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 828.
Dev, R., Zaslavsky, O., Cochrane, B., Eagen, T., & Woods, N. F. (2020). Healthy aging through the lens of community-based practitioners: A focus group study. BMC Geriatrics, 20(1), 211.
Frishammar, J., Essén, A., Bergström, F., & Ekman, T. (2023). Digital health platforms for the elderly? Key adoption and usage barriers and ways to address them. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 189, 122319.
Guest, G., Namey, E. E., & Mitchell, M. L. (2013). Collecting Qualitative Data: A Field Manual for Applied Research. SAGE Publications, Ltd. https://methods.sagepub.com/book/collecting-qualitative-data
Günther, H. (2006). Qualitative research versus quantitative research: Is that really the question? Psic: Teor e Pesq, 22(2), 201–209. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-37722006000200010
Hong, Y., Fu, J., Kong, D., Liu, S., Zhong, Z., & Tan, J., et al. (2021). Benefits and barriers: A qualitative study on online social participation among widowed older adults in Southwest China. BMC Geriatrics, 21(1), 450.
Ienca, M., Schneble, C., Kressig, R. W., & Wangmo, T. (2021). Digital health interventions for healthy ageing: A qualitative user evaluation and ethical assessment. BMC Geriatrics, 21(1), 412.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. SAGE Publications. https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/naturalistic-inquiry/book842
Liamputtong, P. (2009). Qualitative data analysis: Conceptual and practical considerations. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 20(2), 133–139.
Lu, S. Y., Yoon, S., Yee, W. Q., Ngiam, N. H. W., Ng, K. Y. Y., & Low, L. L. (2024). Experiences of a community-based digital intervention among older people living in a low-income neighborhood: Qualitative study. JMIR Ageing, 7(1), e52292.
Moll, C., Arndt, F., Arvanitis, T. N., Gonzàlez, N., Groene, O., Ortega-Gil, A., et al. (2023). “It depends on the people!” – A qualitative analysis of contextual factors, prior to the implementation of digital health innovations for chronic condition management, in a German integrated care network. DIGITAL HEALTH, 9, 20552076231222100.
Niechcial, M. A., Marr, C., Potter, L. M., Dickson, A., & Gow, A. J. (2023). Older adults’ experiences of taking up a new community-based leisure activity to promote brain health: A focus group study. PLoS ONE, 18(9), e0290623.
O’Rourke, H. M., Collins, L., & Sidani, S. (2018). Interventions to address social connectedness and loneliness for older adults: A scoping review. BMC Geriatrics, 18(1), 214.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), & World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Health at a Glance: Asia/Pacific 2020: Measuring Progress Towards Universal Health Coverage. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/26b007cd-en
Pender, N. J., Murdaugh, C. L., & Parsons, M. A. (2015). Health promotion in nursing practice (7th ed.). Pearson.
Pinzón-Pulido, S., Padial-Espinosa, M., López-Samaniego, L., Navarro-Matillas, B., San Juan-Lozano, P., Espinosa-Almendro, J. M., et al. (2019). Creation process of the digital platform to foster healthy and active aging: enbuenaedad. Frontiers in Public Health, 7, 22.
Rodrigues, C. E., Grandt, C. L., Alwafa, R. A., Badrasawi, M., & Aleksandrova, K. (2023). Determinants and indicators of successful aging as a multidimensional outcome: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1258280.
Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37(4), 433–440.
Skivington, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, S. A., Craig, P., Baird, J., Blazeby, J. M., et al. (2021). Framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions: Gap analysis, workshop and consultation-informed update. Health Technology Assessment, 25(57), 1–132.
Stuart, A., Yan, R. J., Harkin, L. J., Katz, D., Stevenson, C., Mehta, V., et al. (2023). Digital intervention in loneliness in older adults: Qualitative analysis of user studies. JMIR Formative Research, 7(1), e42172.
Swift, H., & Steeden, B. (2020). Exploring representations of old age and ageing. Centre for Ageing Better. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/98817/1/Exploring-representations-of-old-age.pdf
Thang, L. L., Lim, E., & Tan, S. L. S. (2019). Lifelong learning and productive aging among the baby-boomers in Singapore. Social Science & Medicine, 229, 41–49.
Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
Tsai, Y. I. P., Beh, J., Ganderton, C., & Pranata, A. (2024). Digital interventions for healthy ageing and cognitive health in older adults: A systematic review of mixed method studies and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 24(1), 217.
World Health Organization. (2002). Active ageing: A policy framework. World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (2020). UN Decade of Healthy Ageing: Plan of Action 2021–2030. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/decade-of-healthy-ageing/decade-proposal-final-apr2020-en.pdf?sfvrsn=b4b75ebc_28
World Medical Association-Declaration of Helsinki. (2013). https://www.ucp.pt/sites/default/files/2019-03/declaracao-de-helsinquia_2013.pdf
Wongsala, M., Anbäcken, E. M., & Rosendahl, S. (2021). Active ageing – perspectives on health, participation, and security among older adults in northeastern Thailand – a qualitative study. BMC Geriatrics, 21(1), 41.