NECESSIDADES E PREOCUPAÇÕES MATERNAS NO PERÍODO PÓS-PARTO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
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No período pós-parto, as mães, adaptando-se ao seu novo papel, confrontam-se com necessidades e preocupações que influenciam o modo como vivenciam esta fase. Objetivo: identificar necessidades e preocupações maternas, no primeiro ano pós-parto, contribuindo para práticas de enfermagem sustentadas. Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura. A pesquisa, realizada na ESBCOhost, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, OAIster e RCAAP, entre 2016-2020, texto integral, em português/inglês/espanhol, incluiu 20 artigos cuja qualidade metodológica foi avaliada através do Critical Apraisal Skills Programme ou Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Resultados: Emergiram seis categorias de necessidades maternas, e preocupações, nomeadamente a necessidade de recuperação física e psicológica, de desenvolver habilidades e confiança para cuidar do recém-nascido, a necessidade de informação, de uma vida conjugal e sexual satisfatórias, de apoio familiar e social e dos profissionais de saúde. Conclusões: O/A Enfermeiro/a Especialista em saúde materna e obstétrica deve diagnosticar as preocupações maternas e construir um plano de cuidados personalizado, centrado na mulher/casal/família, para lhes dar resposta, reforçando a competência materna. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de programas de recuperação pós-parto e a realização de visitas domiciliárias para atender às necessidades maternas.
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