CONTRIBUIÇÕES E LIMITAÇÕES DA ABORDAGEM QUALITATIVA EM PESQUISAS AVALIATIVAS DA CULTURA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE

Abstract

Introduction: The use of the mixed methods approach, as well as quantitative and qualitative designs, deserve greater prominence and space for discussion among evaluative research on patient safety culture, although they present data in greater depth. Goals: To map the use of the qualitative approach in studies of patient culture assessment in hospital services worldwide, and to summarize the contributions evidenced in the literature. Methods: This is a scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), updated in the second half of February 2022. The Lilacs, Medline, Web of Science and Cinahl databases were searched, and a free search was performed on the Research Gate and Google Scholar platform search engines. Results: Nine studies were analyzed that brought contributions related to the application of the qualitative approach, alone or in a hybrid way, through the Iramuteq software. Conclusions: Despite the quantitative approach still prevails in evaluative research on safety culture, there was a need to add the qualitative component, based on mixed-method and quali-quantitative research, in order to obtain a deeper understanding of the problems identified through the questionnaires, in view of the variables investigated in the safety culture survey. The limitations that the qualitative approach may bring should be worked out punctually by researchers in order to minimize them, not occurring in research bias.