A PESSOA COM FRATURA DA EXTREMIDADE PROXIMAL DO FÉMUR- A INTERVENÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO DE REABILITAÇÃO NA PREVENÇÃO DO SEU DECLÍNIO FUNCIONAL

Abstract

Musculoskeletal changes associated with aging are common, limiting mobility, increasing frailty and the risk of falling, thus contributing to the appearance of fractures, especially in the lower limb. Hip fracture is common in the elderly and shows a growing epidemiological trend. In turn, the immobility conditioned by the fracture favors the loss of functionality and self-care capacity. The Nurse is an element integrated in the multidisciplinary team, which acts in the prevention of complications, in the maintenance of the existing function and in the functional re-education, focusing on the training for self-care and the social reintegration of the person. Objectives: To identify which interventions by the Specialist Rehabilitation Nurse prevent the functional decline of patients with fractures of the proximal end of the femur. Methods: To answer the research question: Which rehabilitation nursing interventions prevent the functional decline of people with hip fractures?", an Integrative Literature Review (IRL) was carried out with a research protocol according to the acronym PI[C]O – Population, Interventions, Outcomes. The PRISMA Flowchart and the preparation of Results Presentation Tables were used. Results: Six studies were selected that answer the research question. These show that the EER intervention must include a multidimensional evaluation allowing decision-making on care planning, including mobilization programs, gait training and ADL involving the person and the caregiver/family, ensuring the continuity of post-discharge care. Conclusions The continuity of the rehabilitation nursing program is fundamental in the prevention of complications associated with fracture of the proximal end of the femur, mainly resulting from the increased vulnerability of the person/family.